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Revisionisti (Ha-Tzohar)   Cerca

Definizione

The Revisionists (Ha-Tzohar) was a Zionist movement founded by Vladimir Jabotinsky in 1925. The movement was subsidized by the Tel Hai Fund (Keren Tel Hai, the financial arm of the World Union of Zionists). The Revisionists opposed the leadership of Chaim Weizmann and his Zionist Organization (later the World Zionist Organization). Weizmann and the Zionist Organization's socialist programs operated within the formal constraints of British policy. In contrast, Jabotinsky and the Revisionists were actively and openly political. The movement publicly advocated the immediate relocation of European Jewry to Palestine. Jabotinsky also argued for the vital importance of private investment. The Revisionists demanded that all of the British mandated territory of Palestine be part of a Jewish state. British and Jewish Revisionist leaders established the Seventh (Palestine) Dominion League in 1928 to support and lobby for the formation of a Jewish state in Palestine. Throughout the 1930s Revisionists constituent groups formed in Eastern and Central Europe, such as the Revisionist union of Jewish veterans (Berit ha-Hayal) and the youth organization Berit Trumpledor (Betar). Ahdut Israel, Berit Nashim Le'umiyot, Masada, Yavne ve-Yodefeth, and Nordia were affiliated with the Revisionist movement. Vladimir Jabotinsky took control of Revisionist affairs in 1933. Minority dissention within the union caused Meir Grossman and Robert Stricker to form their own group, called The Jewish Party. The Jewish State Party ultimately joined the Revisionists in 1946. In 1934 the Revisionists sent out an international petition with 600,000 signatures asking world leaders to allow Jews to legally immigrate to Palestine. The Revisionists disagreed with the larger World Zionist Organization (WZO) over many issues concerning the founding of a Jewish state. In 1935 the Revisionists withdrew from the WZO and formed the New Zionist Organization (NZO). During World War II, Revisionist operations in Europe came to a standstill and were limited to Jerusalem, London, and New York. The Revisionists backed the military campaign of the Jewish armed underground organization Irgun Zvai Leumi (National Military Organization-Etzel) against the British authorities in Palestine. In 1946, after most political differences faded, the NZO joined the WZO. After Israeli independence, the ideology of Jabotinsky was adapted by the Herut Party, which formed out of the Irgun Zvai Leumi. (en-US)

Fonte

Wigoder, Geoffrey, editor in chief. New Encyclopedia of Zionism and Israel. Madison: Fairleigh Dickinson University Press; London; Cranbury, NJ: Associated University Presses, 1994. 2 volumes. Vol. 2, p. 1108-1109

Termini più generici

• Organizzazioni ebraiche