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Percorso: USC Shoah Foundation Institute Thesaurus
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(PIQ) Palestina CercaDefinizione
Location: West Coast of Asia on the Mediterranean sea, bordered in 1939 by Lebanon, Egypt, Transjordan, and Syria.
Capital city: Jerusalem
History:
The historic region of Palestine was comprised of the territory between the Mediterranean Sea and the Jordan River. The area was considered sacred to Jews, Christians, and Muslims, which has shaped the area's history over the centuries. Site of the Biblical lands and the Hebrew kingdoms of Saul, David, and Solomon, Palestine was ruled by several kingdoms and empires. During Roman rule, the second Jewish Temple was destroyed in 70 CE and Jews were forced to leave Jerusalem, going into exile. The area was then ruled by the Arabs and from 1099 to 1291, the Crusaders held Palestine. From 1516 to 1917, Palestine was a part of the Ottoman Empire. Jews began to settle in Palestine in the late 19th century when the Zionist movement was founded. British administration began in 1917 with the occupation of Jerusalem. The political entity of Palestine was the result of a League of Nations mandate given to the British over the area after 1918, with the stipulation that Britain would support Jewish settlement there. Jewish immigration to Palestine was low in the 1920s and increased in the 1930s. The Arab population protested and as a result, the British issued the White Paper of 1939 which restricted Jewish settlement. The events of WWII and the Holocaust influenced many countries to support the creation of an independent Jewish state. When the British Mandate came to an end on May 15, 1948, the independent nation of Israel was established in the area of the mandate based on a United Nations resolution. This led to the first Arab-Israeli War and the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. (en-US)
Fonte
Microsoft Encarta Interactive World Atlas 2001. Redmond, Washington: Microsoft Corporation, 2000.