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Nota d'ambito

Use for discussions of the Iron Guard organization. (en-US)

Definizione

The Iron Guard (Garda de Fier) was a Romanian anti-Jewish and fascist organization founded by Corneliu Codreanu in 1927. The Iron Guard's original name was Legiunea Archangehelului Mihail (Legion of the Archangel Michael) until 1929. The Iron Guard largely rooted its movement's philosophies in antidemocratic values, Christian mysticism, and the cult of death. Followers were to be completely subservient to the party leaders. The Iron Guard was officially dissolved by the Romanian government in 1933. Despite this, the Iron Guard remained active in Romania's political life. In 1936, the group allied itself with the Nazi party. The Iron Guard took part in 1937 elections as Totul Pentru Tara (All for the Fatherland) and became the third largest political party in Romania. In 1938, all political movements, including the Iron Guard, were banned by King Carol II. The Iron Guard was allowed to resume operation in 1940 because of its close ties to the Nazi party. This allowed the Iron Guard to conduct numerous anti-Jewish activities through the newly formed National Legionary government led by Horia Sima (The Iron Guard's new leader) and Prime Minister Ion Antonescu. A failed coup by Sima over Antonescu (January 21-23, 1941) resulted in Iron Guard leaders fleeing to Germany. The Nazis and Iron Guard leaders created an exiled Romanian government in late 1944. After World War II, many of the Iron Guard leaders fled to Western Europe, North America, and South America. (en-US)

Fonte

Fisher, Julius S. Transnistria: The Forgotten Cemetery. Cranbury, New Jersey: Thomas Yoseloff, 1969. p. 17, 19-20, 22, 24, 28, 30

Termini più generici

• partiti e movimenti politici - antisemiti
• partiti e movimenti politici - fascisti