Descrittore
Termine preferito
(PIQ) Jugoslavia CercaDefinizione
Location: Southeastern Europe on the Balkan peninsula, bordered in 1939 by the Adriatic Sea, Italy, Austria, Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria, Greece, and Albania.
Capital city: Belgrade.
History:
Before WWI, the region had been comprised of independent kingdoms. In December 1918 the kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes was declared under Peter I. The kingdom was renamed Yugoslavia in 1929 and the interwar years were marked by royal dictatorship, territorial conflict with Italy, and Croatian separatism. Although Yugoslavia attempted to stay neutral in WWII, the Germans invaded the country in April 1941, leading to its dissolution. Serbia was administered by a German military government and Croatia became a fascist puppet state under Ante Pavelic. Communist resistance activity was led by Marshall Tito and Serbian resistance by General Mihajlovic which led to a civil war in 1943. Tito gained the support of the Allies and the Soviet Army liberated Belgrade in October 1944. In 1946 the communist-oriented Federal People's Republic of Yugoslavia with Tito as premier was established comprised of six republics: Serbia, Croatia, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Macedonia, Slovenia, and Montenegro. After the disintegration of Yugoslavia in the 1990s, the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia was established, comprised only of the republics of Serbia and Montenegro. (en-US)
Fonte
Cohen, Saul B., ed. The Columbia Gazetteer of the World. New York: Columbia University Press, 1998. pp. 3538-3539