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(PIQ) Morocco CercaDefinizione
Location: Western coast of North Africa, bordered in 2000 by Algeria, the Atlantic Ocean, and the disputed territory of the Western Sahara.
Capital city: Rabat
History:
The Moroccan Jewish community dated back to Roman times and was the largest in North Africa. Claimed by Spain, Portugal, France, and then Germany, Morocco was divided between Spain and France in November 1911. The French protectorate with the capital city Rabat was administered by General Lyautey and the Spanish section was centered in Tetouan and the Spanish Saraha. Tangier became an international zone. A Moroccan nationalist movement began in the 1930s and Morocco remained loyal to Vichy after the defeat of France in 1940. Although anti-Jewish laws were enacted, they did not have the same impact as in other North African countries Many European Jews fled to Morocco and internment camps were set up for the refugees and hard-labor camps in southern Morocco with Jewish prisoners such as Djelfa. Morocco was the site of the Allied landing in North Africa in November 1942 and the labor camps were closed in the spring of 1943. French Morocco gained its independence in March 1956 and the Spanish section in April 1956. Tangier was added to make up the modern kingdom of Morocco under Mohammad V and the Spanish Sahara became the disputed territory of the Western Sahara. Most of Morocco's Jews immigrated to Israel. (en-US)
Fonte
Viires, Ants. "The Mountain Jews." http://www.eki.ee/books/redbook/mountain_jews.shtml. The Red Book of the Peoples of the Russian Empire. http://www.eki.ee/books/redbook/introduction.shtml. (January 27, 2003).