Descrittore

Termine preferito

centri di accoglienza (Israele)   Cerca

Nota d'ambito

Use for discussions of absorption centers, immigrant housing, or Ma'abarot in Israel. Additional information: For discussions of internment by Mandate authorities in Cyprus or other areas, use the appropriate incarceration terms. (en-US)

Definizione

Temporary communities erected during the period between 1948 and 1952 by the Jewish National Fund (Keren Kayemet L'Yisrael) in order to accommodate the vast numbers of Jews coming to settle in the newly formed republic. At the end of 1949, 100,000 immigrants were living in camps (a.k.a. Ma'abarot) and receiving free services, frequently under demoralizing conditions. Often comprised of meager dwellings, these impromptu "cities" were designed to be way-stations for the newly arrived immigrants. Because the state building process in Israel required a systemic approach to immigration, the concept of the "absorption center" quickly arose. Absorption centers (heb.sing. Merkaz Klita) still exist in Israel today. The centers place emphasis on teaching Hebrew using an intensive language program known as "Ulpan," in addition to other acculturating processes. With facilities for accommodating individuals and families, these centers are now permanent fixtures on the social landscape of the Zionist experiment, and are a part of the formative experience for many new immigrants to Israel. Larger waves of immigration to Israel were typically comprised of impoverished and/or persecuted classes of Jews arriving from Yemen, Morocco, Kurdistan, the former Soviet Union, and Ethiopia. (en-US)

Fonte

Encyclopaedia Judaica. 16 vols. Jerusalem: Keter Publishing House Ltd., 1971-1972. Vol XI pp. 654-655

Termini più generici

• esperienza di emigrazione