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Nota d'ambito

Additional Information: The following events are some of the known instances of prisoner exchange: 1. Exchange of Jews with Germans living in Palestine or other countries of the British Empire, specifically: (a) July 1943 failed exchange of Jews from Hotel Polski in Warsaw (they were sent initially to Bergen-Belsen and then to Auschwitz); (b) August 1943 failed exchange of Jews from Westerbork (sent to Bergen-Belsen); (c) 1943 failed exchange of Jewish children from the Bialystok ghetto (sent to Theresienstadt and ultimately to Auschwitz); (d) 1944 exchange proposed by Ira Hirschhorn of the War Refugee Board through the International Red Cross and Roswell McClelland that resulted in the June 26, 1944, exchange of Jews from Bergen-Belsen and the Vittel concentration camp in France; (e) March 1945 exchange of Jews from Bergen-Belsen and Ravensbruck through Swedish intervention. 2. Summer 1942 activities of the Ustredna Zidov (Jewish Center) in Slovakia involving negotiations with Dieter Wisliceny (later known as the Small Plan--because it only involved the rescue of Slovakian Jews). 3. Europa Plan of 1942-1943 (also known as the Rabbi's Plan or the Great Plan) that involved the Pracovna Skupina (Slovakian Working Group) to rescue Jews throughout Europe via similar negotiations with Wisliceny. 4. Brand Mission of April 25, 1944, involving efforts of the Relief and Rescue Committee of Budapest (Va'ada) to secure release of Hungarian Jews through Eichmann (also known as "Blood for Goods"). 5. Kasztner Transport of June-August 1944 which was a follow up to the Brand Mission, via SS official Kurt Becher, the Joint Distribution Committee and the Swiss, via Saly Mayer. In this exchange, 318 Jews in Bergen-Belsen (brought there on the so-called Kasztner Train) were released to Switzerland on August 21, 1944. Please note that many of these incidents are also examples of successful and unsuccessful rescue. For discussions focusing on the efforts made to orchestrate these exchanges or the agents involved in the deals, please use the "aid: rescue..." index terms. (en-US)

Definizione

A term that refers to prisoners who were designated by the SS for exchange for, in some instances, German nationals and, in some instances, for material goods. Use for discussions of exchange prisoners and also when survivors refer to themselves as exchange prisoners. (en-US)

Termini più generici

• gruppi di prigionieri